Fibronectin

Fibronectin is a glycoprotein of high-molecular weight (~440kDa) and is part of the extracellular matrix. It binds to membrane-spanning receptor proteins called integrins before then binding to extracellular matrix components such as collagen, fibrin, and heparan sulfate proteoglycans (syndecans). Fibronectin helps in the promotion of cellular migration and adhesion and is involved in the accumulation of platelets to the site of a wound. Fibronectin is therefore an essential part of the wound healing process and is also a critical part in cell differentiation in the development of vertebrates. In dental applications and implant surgeries, fibronectin can positively affect fibroblast attachment in the gingiva and prevent inflammation-driven breakdown of the tissues around the implant. Though a variety of scientific studies have been conducted on the efficacy of applying fibronectin directly to the wound site following a dental procedure, the results have been inconclusive. However, the wound-healing role of fibronectin naturally present in the body is indisputable.