Bioceramics

Bioceramics are a specially designed and fabricated ceramic material used in the repair or reconstruction of diseased, damaged, or missing parts of the body. Materials classified as bioceramics include zirconia, alumina, glass ceramics, bioactive glass, calcium phosphates, and hydroxyapatite. In dentistry, endodontics, and periodontology, bioceramics are often used in surgeries, such as alveolar ridge augmentation, and in implant composition. They are also commonly used as sealers following a root canal. They are especially useful in this application as their composition won’t lead to rejection by the body and its final structure is similar to the structure of the natural teeth. A disadvantage in their use as a sealer, however, is the difficulty associated with removing them from a root canal if later treatment is required. Bioceramics are a bioactive material, meaning they interact with the hard tissues around it. In addition, bioactive materials have both osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties which allow it to bond with natural bone.